Kodi mumadziwa zimenezo?Aluminiyamuamapanga 75% -80% ya ndege zamakono?!
Mbiri ya aluminiyamu mumakampani opanga ndege imabwerera kumbuyo. M'malo mwake, aluminiyumu idagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa ndege ndege zisanayambike. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, Count Ferdinand Zeppelin anagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu kupanga mafelemu a ndege zake zodziwika bwino za Zeppelin.
Aluminiyamu ndi yabwino kupanga ndege chifukwa ndi yopepuka komanso yamphamvu. Aluminiyamu ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kulemera kwa chitsulo, zomwe zimathandiza ndege kunyamula zolemera kwambiri kapena kukhala yowotcha mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, kukana kwa aluminiyamu ku dzimbiri kumatsimikizira chitetezo cha ndege ndi okwera.
Common Aerospace Aluminiyamu Maphunziro
2024- Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zikopa za ndege, ng'ombe, ndege. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza ndi kubwezeretsa.
3003- Pepala la aluminiyumuli limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati ng'ombe ndi plating.
5052- Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matanki amafuta. 5052 ili ndi kukana kwambiri kwa dzimbiri (makamaka pamagwiritsidwe apanyanja).
6061- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphasa zoikira ndege ndi zina zambiri zosagwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka ndege.
7075- Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a ndege. 7075 ndi aloyi yamphamvu kwambiri ndipo ndi imodzi mwamagiredi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani oyendetsa ndege (pafupi ndi 2024).
Mbiri ya Aluminium mu Aerospace Viwanda
Abale a Wright
Pa December 17, 1903, abale a Wright anapanga ulendo woyamba padziko lonse kuuluka ndi ndege yawo yotchedwa Wright Flyer.
Flyer ya Wright Brother's Wright Flyer
Panthawiyo, injini zamagalimoto zinali zolemetsa kwambiri ndipo sizinapereke mphamvu zokwanira kuti zitheke, choncho abale a Wright anamanga injini yapadera yomwe silinda ndi mbali zina zinapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminiyamu.
Popeza aluminium sanali kupezeka kwambiri ndipo inali yokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndegeyo yokha idapangidwa kuchokera ku Sitka spruce ndi nsungwi yophimbidwa ndi chinsalu. Chifukwa cha kutsika kwa liwiro la ndege komanso kuthekera kokweza kokweza kwa ndegeyo, kusunga chimango chopepuka kwambiri kunali kofunika kwambiri ndipo matabwa ndi chinthu chokhacho chotheka chopepuka kuti chiwuluke, komabe champhamvu mokwanira kunyamula katundu wofunikira.
Zingatenge zaka khumi kuti kugwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu kufalikira kwambiri.
Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse
Ndege zamatabwa zinadziwika kwambiri m'masiku oyambirira a ndege, koma m'kati mwa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse, aluminiyamu yopepuka inayamba kusintha matabwa monga chinthu chofunika kwambiri popanga zakuthambo.
Mu 1915 wokonza ndege wa ku Germany, Hugo Junkers, anamanga ndege yoyamba yazitsulo zonse padziko lapansi; ndi Junkers J 1 monoplane. Fuselage yake idapangidwa kuchokera ku aloyi ya aluminiyamu yomwe imaphatikizapo mkuwa, magnesium ndi manganese.
The Junkers J 1
Golden Age ya Aviation
Nyengo yapakati pa Nkhondo Yadziko I ndi Nkhondo Yadziko II inadzatchedwa kuti Golden Age of Aviation
M’zaka za m’ma 1920, anthu a ku America ndi a ku Ulaya ankapikisana pa mpikisano wothamanga wandege, zomwe zinachititsa kuti pakhale luso lopanga komanso kuchita bwino. Mabiplane adasinthidwa ndi ma monoplanes osinthika kwambiri ndipo panali kusintha kwa mafelemu azitsulo zonse zopangidwa kuchokera ku ma aluminiyamu aloyi.
"Tin Goose"
Mu 1925, Ford Motor Co. idalowa mumakampani oyendetsa ndege. Henry Ford anapanga 4-AT, ndege ya injini zitatu, yazitsulo zonse pogwiritsa ntchito malata. Wotchedwa "The Tin Goose", idakhala yotchuka kwambiri ndi okwera ndi oyendetsa ndege.
Pofika mkatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1930, ndege yowoneka bwino idawonekera, yokhala ndi ma injini angapo omangika, zida zotsika pansi, zopalasa zosinthika, komanso kapangidwe ka aluminiyamu kakhungu.
Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse
Panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, aluminiyumu ankafunika ntchito zambiri zankhondo - makamaka kupanga mafelemu a ndege - zomwe zinachititsa kuti aluminiyumu ayambe kukwera.
Kufunika kwa aluminiyamu kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti mu 1942, WOR-NYC inaulutsa pulogalamu ya pawailesi yakuti “Aluminium for Defense” kulimbikitsa anthu a ku America kuti apereke zotsalira za aluminiyamu kunkhondo. Kukonzanso kwa aluminiyamu kunalimbikitsidwa, ndipo "Tinfoil Drives" inapereka matikiti aulere amakanema posinthanitsa ndi mipira ya aluminiyamu ya zojambulazo.
Munthawi ya Julayi 1940 mpaka Ogasiti 1945, US idapanga ndege zokwana 296,000. Zoposa theka zinapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku aluminiyamu. Makampani opanga ndege ku US adatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za asitikali aku America, komanso ogwirizana ndi America kuphatikiza Britain. Pachimake chawo mu 1944, mafakitale a ndege a ku America anali kupanga ndege 11 ola lililonse.
Pofika kumapeto kwa nkhondo, dziko la America linali ndi gulu lankhondo lamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yamakono
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa nkhondo, aluminiyumu yakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri pakupanga ndege. Ngakhale kuti ma aluminiyamu a aluminiyumu apangidwa bwino, ubwino wa aluminiyumu umakhalabe womwewo. Aluminiyamu imalola okonza kupanga ndege yopepuka monga momwe angathere, yokhoza kunyamula katundu wolemera, yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta ochepa kwambiri komanso yosachita dzimbiri.
The Concorde
Popanga ndege zamakono, aluminiyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse. Sitima yapamadzi yotchedwa Concorde, yomwe inkaulutsa anthu pa liwiro loposa kuwirikiza kaŵiri la phokoso kwa zaka 27, inamangidwa ndi chikopa cha aluminiyamu.
Boeing 737, ndege yogulitsa kwambiri ya jet yomwe yapangitsa kuti kuyenda kwandege kwa anthu ambiri kukhala chenicheni, ndi 80% aluminiyamu.
Ndege zamasiku ano zimagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu mu fuselage, mapiko a mapiko, chiwongolero, mapaipi otulutsa mpweya, zitseko ndi pansi, mipando, makina opangira injini, ndi zida zopangira okwera ndege.
Kufufuza mumlengalenga
Aluminiyamu ndi yamtengo wapatali osati m'ndege komanso m'mlengalenga, momwe kulemera kocheperako limodzi ndi mphamvu zazikulu ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mu 1957, Soviet Union inayambitsa satellite yoyamba, Sputnik 1, yomwe inapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminiyamu alloy.
Zombo zonse zamakono zili ndi 50% mpaka 90% aloyi ya aluminiyamu. Zosakaniza za aluminiyamu zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa chombo cha Apollo, Skylab space station, Space Shuttles ndi International Space Station.
Chombo cha m'mlengalenga cha Orion - chomwe chikupangidwa panopa - cholinga chake ndi kulola anthu kufufuza ma asteroids ndi Mars. Wopanga, Lockheed Martin, wasankha aluminiyamu-lithiamu alloy pazinthu zazikulu za Orion.
Skylab Space Station
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-20-2023